25 High-Yield Cardiology MCQs
Valvular Heart Diseases: Clinical Signs, Murmurs & Examination
Test your cardiology knowledge with 25 high-yield multiple-choice questions covering mitral stenosis, aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, cardiac murmurs, and important clinical signs.
Select one answer for each question, submit your quiz, and review the explanations and medical references.
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0/25- Mitral stenosis: Opening snap, loud S1, mid-diastolic rumbling murmur.
- Aortic stenosis: Ejection systolic murmur radiating to the carotids, slow-rising pulse, diminished A2 in severe disease.
- Aortic regurgitation: Early diastolic decrescendo murmur, wide pulse pressure, collapsing pulse.
- Atrial fibrillation: Loss of presystolic accentuation in mitral stenosis.
- Right-sided murmurs: Usually become louder during inspiration.
What is the classic murmur of mitral stenosis?
A low-pitched mid-diastolic rumbling murmur, best heard at the apex with the patient in the left lateral position.
What is the most characteristic pulse in aortic regurgitation?
A bounding, rapidly rising and collapsing pulse, also known as a water-hammer pulse.
Why does atrial fibrillation abolish presystolic accentuation?
Because coordinated atrial contraction is absent, so there is no late-diastolic increase in blood flow across the stenotic mitral valve.
What is the Gallavardin phenomenon?
Transmission of the high-frequency component of the aortic stenosis murmur towards the cardiac apex, sometimes mimicking mitral regurgitation.
- Merck Manual – Mitral Stenosis
- Merck Manual – Aortic Regurgitation
- Merck Manual – Aortic Stenosis
- NCBI Bookshelf – Medical Textbooks
- NCBI – Marfan Syndrome
This quiz is intended for medical education and examination preparation. It is not a substitute for clinical assessment or professional medical advice.